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El triathlon ṡe un sport multidisciplinae articoà so tre prove, che e ṡe nuoto, ṡiclismo e corsa, in immediata sucessione tramite na area de tranṡision dove poterse pareciar pa 'a prova successiva (e ṡe ciamae T1 par quanto reguarda el cambio tra el nuoto e 'a bici e T2 daea bici ała corsa). Inoltre dal 2000 ṡe diventà parte de i ṡzughi olimpici e in Itàlia ṡe regoà da 'a Federazione Italiana Triathlon (FiTri ).
L'area de tranṡision de l'Alpe D'Huez Triathlon
'E prime manifestassion de questa disciplina gà avùo luogo in Franṡa nei ani '20 del '900 (seppur co ben altre regoamenti rispetto a queo odierno), mentre quea considerà come 'a capostipite de 'e gare ne 'i Stati Unii de ła Mèrica , ṡe gà svolto in Całifornia , inte el 1974.
Inte el 1978 ghe fu inveṡe 'a prima gara "moderna" del triathlon, l'Ironman Kona su l'arṡipeago delle Hawaii so 'a distanṡa de 3,8km a nuoto, 180km de bici e 42,195km de corsa e fu vinta dal statunitense Gordon Haller , in poco meno de 12 ore.
'E distanṡe stàndar ṡe:
Distanṡa
Nuoto
Ṡiclismo
Corsa
"Supersprint"
400 m
10 km
2,5 km
"Sprint"
750 m
20 km
5 km
"Olimpico"
1500 m
40 km
10 km
"Meṡo Ironman" o "Medio"
1900 m
90 km
21,097 km
"Longo"
4000 m
120 km
30 km
"Ironman"
3800 m
180 km
42,195 km
Internation Triathlon Union (ITU), fondà inte el 1989 come ente internaṡionae deo sport, ṡe a streto contatto col Comitato Olimpico, se ocupa dea World Triathlon Series par quanto riguarda e distanṡe sprint, olimpiche e longhe. Colabora, tra l'altro, 'e varie comitati naṡionai oltre a presiedere 'e federaṡioni continentai.
World Triathlon Corporation (WTC), ṡe na compagnia privada piaṡà pì che altro so 'li Ironman, i 70,3 (o meṡo ironman).
Ultra Triathlon Association (IUTA), ṡe l'organo uficiae impegnà so l'ultra-triathlon, overo 'i avegnimenti superiori, come chilometraṡo, agli ironman.
El triathlon ṡe inoltrà incorporà ai ṡzughi olimpici dal 2000 a Sydney, su 'a distanṡa olimpinica;
ghe ṡe, infine, altri ṡircuiti minori, quai il Challenge Family , Rev3 o el TriStar , altri avegnimenti i ṡe, invece, organiṡai da squadre o grupi privai, che i ṡe associai o meno ad una federaṡion naṡionae.
Anno
2010
Jonathan Brownlee
Tim Don
David Hauss
2011
Jonathan Brownlee
Javier Gómez
Alistair Brownlee
Anno
2010
Lisa Nordén
Emma Moffatt
Daniela Ryf
2011
Barbara Riveros Diaz
Emma Jackson
Andrea Hewitt
Anno
1989
Mark Allen
Glenn Cook
Rick Wells
1990
Greg Welch
Brad Beven
Stephen Foster
1991
Miles Stewart
Rick Wells
Mike Pigg
1992
Simon Lessing
Rainer Müller-Hörner
Rob Barel
1993
Spencer Smith
Simon Lessing
Hamish Carter
1994
Spencer Smith
Brad Beven
Ralf Eggert
1995
Simon Lessing
Brad Beven
Ralf Eggert
1996
Simon Lessing
Luc Van Lierde
Leandro Macedo
1997
Chris McCormack
Hamish Carter
Simon Lessing
1998
Simon Lessing
Paul Amey
Miles Stewart
1999
Dmitriy Gaag
Simon Lessing
Miles Stewart
2000
Olivier Marceau
Peter Robertson
Craig Walton
2001
Peter Robertson
Chris Hill
Craig Walton
2002
Iván Raña
Peter Robertson
Andrew Johns
2003
Peter Robertson
Iván Raña
Olivier Marceau
2004
Bevan Docherty
Iván Raña
Dmitriy Gaag
2005
Peter Robertson
Reto Hug
Brad Kahlefeldt
2006
Tim Don
Hamish Carter
Frédéric Belaubre
2007
Daniel Unger
Javier Gómez
Brad Kahlefeldt
2008
Javier Gómez
Bevan Docherty
Reto Hug
2009
Alistair Brownlee
Javier Gómez
Maik Petzold
2010
Javier Gómez
Steffen Justus
Brad Kahlefeldt
2011
Alistair Brownlee
Jonathan Brownlee
Javier Gómez
2012
Jonathan Brownlee
Javier Gómez
Dmitry Polyansky
2013
Javier Gómez
Jonathan Brownlee
Mario Mola
2014
Javier Gómez
Mario Mola
Jonathan Brownlee
2015
Javier Gómez
Mario Mola
Vincent Luis
Anno
1989
Erin Baker
Jan Ripple
Laurie Samuelson
1990
Karen Smyers
Carol Montgomery
Joy Hansen
1991
Joanne Ritchie
Terri Smith
Michellie Jones
1992
Michellie Jones
Joanne Ritchie
Melissa Mantak
1993
Michellie Jones
Karen Smyers
Joanne Ritchie
1994
Emma Carney
Anette Pedersen
Sarah Harrow
1995
Karen Smyers
Jackie Gallagher
Joy Leutner
1996
Jackie Gallagher
Emma Carney
Carol Montgomery
1997
Emma Carney
Jackie Gallagher
Michellie Jones
1998
Joanne King
Michellie Jones
Evelyn Williamson
1999
Loretta Harrop
Jackie Gallagher
Emma Carney
2000
Nicole Hackett
Carol Montgomery
Michellie Jones
2001
Siri Lindley
Michellie Jones
Joanna Zeiger
2002
Leanda Cave
Barbara Lindquist
Michelle Dillon
2003
Emma Snowsill
Laura Bennett
Michellie Jones
2004
Sheila Taormina
Loretta Harrop
Laura Bennett
2005
Emma Snowsill
Annabel Luxford
Laura Bennett
2006
Emma Snowsill
Vanessa Fernandes
Felicity Abram
2007
Vanessa Fernandes
Emma Snowsill
Laura Bennett
2008
Helen Tucker
Sarah Haskins
Samantha Warriner
2009
Emma Snowsill
Lisa Nordén
Andrea Hewitt
2010
Emma Snowsill
Nicola Spirig
Lisa Nordén
2011
Helen Tucker
Andrea Hewitt
Sarah Groff
2012
Lisa Nordén
Anne Haug
Andrea Hewitt
2013
Non Stanford
Jodie Stimpson
Anne Haug
2014
Gwen Jorgensen
Sarah Groff
Andrea Hewitt
2015
Gwen Jorgensen
Andrea Hewitt
Sarah True
Anno
1994
Rob Barel
Lothar Leder
Yves Cordier
1995
Simon Lessing
Luc Van Lierde
Peter Reid
1996
Greg Welch
Luc Van Lierde
Spencer Smith
1997
Luc Van Lierde
Rob Barel
Jean-Christophe Guinchard
1998
Luc Van Lierde
Rob Barel
Peter Sandvang
1999
Peter Sandvang
Torbjørn Sindballe
Massimo Guadagni
2000
Peter Sandvang
Cyrille Neveu
François Chabaud
2001
Peter Sandvang
Rasmus Henning
Jonas Colting
2002
Cyrille Neveu
Torbjørn Sindballe
Rutger Beke
2003
Eneko Llanos
Rutger Beke
Xavier Le Floch
2004
Torbjørn Sindballe
Jonas Colting
Marino Vanhoenacker
2005
Viktor Zyemtsev
Marino Vanhoenacker
Xavier Le Floch
2006
Torbjørn Sindballe
Craig Alexander
Marino Vanhoenacker
2007
Julien Loy
Xavier Le Floch
Sébastien Berlier
2008
Julien Loy
François Chabaud
Martin Jensen
2009
Timothy O'Donnell
Sylvain Sudrie
Martin Jensen
2010
Sylvain Sudrie
Timothy O'Donnell
François Chabaud
2011
Jordan Rapp
Joe Gambles
Sylvain Sudrie
2012
Chris McCormack
Eneko Llanos
Dirk Bockel
2013
Bertrand Billard
Terenzo Bozzone
Dirk Bockel
2014
Bertrand Billard
Sylvain Sudrie
Cyril Viennot
2015
Cyril Viennot
Martin Jensen
Joe Skipper
Anno
1994
Isabelle Mouthon-Michellys
Karen Smyers
Lydie Reuze
1995
Jenny Rose
Ute Schaefer
Ines Estedt
1996
Karen Smyers
Sophie Delemer
Suzanne Nielsen
1997
Ines Estedt
Isabelle Mouthon-Michellys
Virginia Berasategui
1998
Rina Hill
Lena Wahlqvist
Megumi Shigaki
1999
Suzanne Nielsen
Joanne King
Jasmine Haemmerle
2000
Isabelle Mouthon-Michellys
Natascha Badmann
Daniela Locarno
2001
Lisbeth Kristensen
Lena Wahlqvist
Suzanne Nielsen
2002
Ines Estedt
Kathleen Smet
Virginia Berasategui
2003
Virginia Berasategui
Ana Burgos
Sione Jongstra
2004
Tamara Kozulina
Lisbeth Kristensen
Sione Jongstra
2005
Kathleen Smet
Mirinda Carfrae
Tina Boman
2006
Bella Comerford
Edith Niederfriniger
Johanna Daumas
2007
Leanda Cave
Erika Csomor
Catriona Morrison
2008
Chrissie Wellington
Charlotte Kolters
Yvonne van Vlerken
2009
Jodie Swallow
Rebekah Keat
Delphine Pelletier
2010
Caroline Steffen
Yvonne van Vlerken
Virginia Berasategui
2011
Rachel Joyce
Leanda Cave
Meredith Kessler
2012
Caroline Steffen
Camilla Pedersen
Jodie Swallow
2013
Melissa Hauschildt
Camilla Pedersen
Rachel Mcbride
2014
Camilla Pedersen
Kaisa Lehtonen
Andrea Hewitt
2015
Mary Beth Ellis
Camilla Pedersen
Kaisa Lehtonen
Avegnimento
Sydney 2000
Simon Whitfield
Stephan Vuckovic
Jan Řehula
Atene 2004
Hamish Carter
Bevan Docherty
Sven Riederer
Pechin 2008
Jan Frodeno
Simon Whitfield
Bevan Docherty
Londra 2012
Alistair Brownlee
Javier Gómez
Jonathan Brownlee
Avegnimento
Sydney 2000
Brigitte McMahon
Michellie Jones
Magali Messmer
Atene 2004
Kate Allen
Loretta Harrop
Susan Williams
Pechin 2008
Emma Snowsill
Vanessa Fernandes
Emma Moffatt
Londra 2012
Nicola Spirig
Lisa Norden
Erin Densham
Anno
2006
Craig Alexander
Simon Lessing
Richie Cunningham
2007
Andy Potts
Oscar Galíndez
Andrew Johns
2008
Terenzo Bozzone
Andreas Raelert
Richie Cunningham
2009
Michael Raelert
Daniel Fontana
Matthew Reed
2010
Michael Raelert
Filip Ospalý
Timothy O'Donnell
2011
Craig Alexander
Chris Lieto
Jeff Symonds
2012
Sebastian Kienle
Craig Alexander
Bevan Docherty
2013
Sebastian Kienle
Terenzo Bozzone
Joe Gambles
2014
Javier Gómez
Jan Frodeno
Tim Don
2014
Jan Frodeno
Sebastian Kienle
Javier Gómez
Avegnimento
2006
Samantha McGlone
Lisa Bentley
Mirinda Carfrae
2007
Mirinda Carfrae
Samantha McGlone
Leanda Cave
2008
Joanna Zeiger
Mary Beth Ellis
Becky Lavelle
2009
Julie Dibens
Mary Beth Ellis
Magali Tisseyre
2010
Jodie Swallow
Leanda Cave
Magali Tisseyre
2011
Melissa Rollison
Karin Thürig
Linsey Corbin
2012
Leanda Cave
Kelly Williamson
Heather Jackson
2013
Melissa Hauschildt
Heather Jackson
Annabel Luxford
2014
Daniela Ryf
Jodie Swallow
Heather Wurtele
2014
Daniela Ryf
Heather Wurtele
Anja Beranek
Anno
Tempo
Tempo
Tempo
1979
Lyn Lemaire
12:55:38
1980
Robin Beck
11:21:24
Eve Anderson
15:40:59
1981
Linda Sweeney
12:02:32
Sally Edwards
12:37:25
Lyn Brooks
12:42:15
1982 Feb
Kathleen McCartney
11:09:40
Julie Moss
11:10:09
Lyn Brooks, Sally Edwards
11:51:00
1982 Ott
Julie Leach
10:54:08
Jo Ann Dahlkoetter
10:58:21
Sally Edwards
11:03:00
1983
Sylviane Puntous
10:43:36
Patricia Puntous
10:49:17
Eva Ueltzen
11:01:49
1984
Sylviane Puntous
10:25:13
Patricia Puntous
10:27:28
Julie Olson
10:38:10
1985
Joanne Ernst
10:25:22
Elizabeth Bulman
10:26:55
Paula Newby-Fraser
10:31:04
1986
Paula Newby-Fraser
9:49:14
Sylviane Puntous
9:53:13
Joanne Ernst
10:00:07
1987
Erin Baker
9:35:25
Sylviane Puntous
9:36:57
Paula Newby-Fraser
9:40:37
1988
Paula Newby-Fraser
9:01:01
Erin Baker
9:12:14
Kirsten Hanssen
9:37:25
1989
Paula Newby-Fraser
9:00:56
Sylviane Puntous
9:21:55
Kirsten Hanssen
9:24:31
1990
Erin Baker
9:13:42
Paula Newby-Fraser
9:20:01
Terri Schneider
10:00:34
1991
Paula Newby-Fraser
9:07:52
Erin Baker
9:23:37
Sarah Coope
9:33:20
1992
Paula Newby-Fraser
8:55:28
Julie Anne White
9:21:40
Thea Sybesma
9:26:57
1993
Paula Newby-Fraser†
8:58:23
Erin Baker
9:08:04
Susan Latshaw
9:20:40
1994
Paula Newby-Fraser
9:20:14
Karen Smyers
9:28:08
Fernanda Keller
9:43:30
1995
Karen Smyers
9:16:46
Isabelle Mouthon-Michellys
9:25:13
Fernanda Keller
9:37:48
1996
Paula Newby-Fraser
9:06:49
Natascha Badmann
9:11:19
Karen Smyers
9:19:13
1997
Heather Fuhr
9:31:43
Lori Bowden
9:41:42
Fernanda Keller
9:50:02
1998
Natascha Badmann
9:24:16
Lori Bowden
9:27:19
Fernanda Keller
9:28:29
1999
Lori Bowden
9:13:02
Karen Smyers
9:20:40
Fernanda Keller
9:24:30
2000
Natascha Badmann
9:26:17
Lori Bowden
9:29:05
Fernanda Keller
9:31:29
2001
Natascha Badmann
9:28:37
Lori Bowden
9:32:59
Nina Kraft
9:41:01
2002
Natascha Badmann
9:07:54
Nina Kraft
9:14:24
Lori Bowden
9:22:27
2003
Lori Bowden
9:11:55
Natascha Badmann
9:17:08
Nina Kraft
9:17:16
2004
Natascha Badmann
9:50:04
Heather Fuhr
9:56:19
Kate Major
10:01:56
2005
Natascha Badmann
9:09:30
Michellie Jones
9:11:51
Kate Major
9:12:39
2006
Michellie Jones
9:18:31
Desiree Ficker
9:24:02
Lisa Bentley
9:25:18
2007
Chrissie Wellington
9:08:45
Samantha McGlone
9:14:04
Kate Major
9:19:13
2008
Chrissie Wellington
9:06:23
Yvonne van Vlerken
9:21:20
Sandra Wallenhorst
9:22:52
2009
Chrissie Wellington
8:54:02
Mirinda Carfrae
9:13:59
Virginia Berasategui
9:15:28
2010
Mirinda Carfrae
8:58:36
Caroline Steffen
9:06:00
Julie Dibens
9:10:04
2011
Chrissie Wellington
8:55:08
Mirinda Carfrae
8:57:57
Leanda Cave
9:03:29
2012
Leanda Cave
9:15:54
Caroline Steffen
9:16:58
Mirinda Carfrae
9:21:41
2013
Mirinda Carfrae
8:52:14
Rachel Joyce
8:57:28
Liz Blatchford
9:03:35
2014
Mirinda Carfrae
9:00:55
Daniela Ryf
9:02:57
Rachel Joyce
9:04:23
2014
Daniela Ryf
8:57:57
Rachel Joyce
9:10:59
Liz Blatchford
9:14:52
†Paula Newby-Fraser ìera na cittadina statunitense e rapresentava tae bandiera pa' 'e gare del 1993,1994 e 1996.
#
Paese
1
Australia
40
33
27
100
3
Regno Unìo
31
13
18
62
2
Stati Unii D'America
33
39
44
116
4
Germania
15
15
21
51
5
Canada
11
21
9
41
6
Sviṡera
13
10
8
31
7
Spagna
9
12
17
38
8
Danimarca
8
10
6
24
9
Franṡa
9
7
12
28
10
Nuova Ṡeanda
7
15
14
36
11
Belṡo
6
8
5
19
12
Zimbabwe
5
1
2
8
13
Sveṡia
2
4
1
7
14
Ucraina
2
0
0
2
15
Olanda
1
5
4
10
16
Portogaeo
1
2
0
3
17
Ṡhie
1
1
0
2
18
Kazakistan
1
0
1
2
18
Austria
1
0
1
2
20
Itaìa
0
2
2
4
21
Finlandia
0
1
3
4
22
Repubblica Ṡeca
0
1
1
2
23
Ungharìa
0
1
0
1
23
Argentina
0
1
0
1
25
Brasìe
0
0
7
7
26
Lussemburgo
0
0
2
2
27
Giappon
0
0
1
1
El Duathlon , articoà anch'esso so tre prove, ma soeo de do discipline: 'a sequenṡa ṡe infatti parecià da na prima fraṡion de corsa, una de ṡiclismo par poi infini concludare co 'n'altra de corsa; dal 1990 e ṡe svolgṡe i mondiài de duathlon so a distanṡa classica e quea longa.
El Winter Triathlon dove e tre speciaità e ṡe in succesion: corsa, bici (mountain bike) e sci de fondo; dal 1997 e ṡe svolgṡe i campionài mondiài.
L'Aquathlon , che a prevede na sequenṡa ininterotta de corsa, nuoto, corsa; i mondiài i ṡe svolgṡe dal 1998.
L'Xterra , na formuea particoae de triathon, deto anca "off road", cui 'a caratteristica ṡe quea de prevedare 'e frazioni ṡiclistiche e podistiche so percorsi sterrai e de conseguenṡa l'utiliṡo dea mountain bike al posto dea bici da strada; qui i mondiài i ṡe svolgṡe dal 1996.